I had a problem recently trying to find where some of my ancestor’s property was in McLean County, Illinois.  I have some 1850s and 1860s deeds describing his property as being in sections 32 and 33 of Township 26 Range 5.  I wanted to see where that was on a map.  Unfortunately when I look at McLean County information now, all the townships seem to have names, not numbers and I can’t tell where Township 26 lies in the county and in relation to other properties my ancestor owned.
 
I went to the BLM website (https://glorecords.blm.gov/) and entered the information for my property.  Unfortunately, for some reason I can’t quite figure out, when I clicked on the “Map” box to see the property, I got a message “Due to data limitations, we could not map the township of this land description. No township is available.”  Well, that’s not very helpful!

​In this area, townships were generally six miles by six miles, a square divided into a 6 x 6 grid of smaller squares.  Each of these smaller squares is a section.  The section numbering begins at the upper right corner of the township and looks like this:

​I already knew that part.  What I couldn’t figure out was where a particular numbered township was located within McLean County.
 
But by googling “how to find section township range” I found Earthpoint - http://www.earthpoint.us/  There I can put in the Principal Meridian, township, range and section, and Earthpoint gives me GPS coordinates for the center of the section as well as its four corners.  I know that my ancestor’s properties were in the NE corner of Section 32 and the NW corner of section 33, adjacent sections.   According to Earthpoint, my ancestor’s common corner is at 40.6836582, -88.6598660.  

​Now I can copy and paste those GPS coordinates into MapQuest.  I’ve always used MapQuest with a street address to find the property, but it’s nice to know MQ can locate based on GPS coordinates as well.   When I drop those coordinates into MapQuest I get a map:

​I have drawn a box around the 36 sections of what was once Township 26.  I can see it lies in the northeast corner of McLean County and is bordered on two sides by Livingston County.
 
Zooming in I can see the road names 

​I can look at a satellite view on MapQuest or drop the same GPS coordinates into GoogleEarth to see a bird’s eye view of what the property looks like now.  That creek running through his property on the map shows up as a green swath against the brown field.

​Looking on Wikipedia for McLean County, IL, I finally know that Township 26 is now called Yates Township:

It took a few steps to get there, but know I know just where my ancestor’s property was.  I’ll do the same thing to track his path of property ownership across the area from Tazewell to McLean and then on into Champaign counties.   I’m looking forward to visit the area in the Fall.

If you run into a problem with the mapping feature on the BLM website, I hope you find this post helpful.

I’m reading a book on Irish genealogy research – always trying to expand my knowledge.  The author uses examples from some now-famous Boston Irish families, the Kennedys and their in-laws, the Fitzgeralds. 
 
She demonstrates tracing a family back through census records.  Through clues in the census, such as age at marriage or the approximate birth year of the oldest child, researchers can move on to marriage records which may identify the parents of the couple, channeling their line back through the generations.
 
The book’s author starts with John F. Kennedy, living with his parents Joseph and Rose on the 1940 census, working back to find Joe and Rose’s marriage record, then Rose’s parents’ marriage and further back to the 1857 marriage of Rose’s paternal grandparents, Thomas Fitzgerald and Rose Cox.  The author goes on to point out that the marriage informant was the Rev. Geo. F. Haskins of Boston.
 
Determining the officiant on a marriage record is always a good practice for a genealogist.  He may be more easily found in a city directory, which would provide a clue as to his denomination and the parish he served in.  With that kind of information, genealogists can gather information on the neighborhood, the mix of people and occupations who spent time living where their ancestors lived.  All these small details combine to create a richer picture of our ancestors’ lives.
 
When I read the name of the priest who joined Thomas Fitzgerald and Rose Cox in holy matrimony, I knew I’d seen it before… on the marriage record of my own great-great-grandparents. In 1850 in that mid-19th century Boston neighborhood, Rev. Geo. F. Haskins also celebrated the marriage of John Fields and Mary Devlin.[1] 
 
Fun to think that my ancestors and President Kennedy’s ancestors might have worshipped together at St. John’s Catholic Church in Boston 150 years ago.  Pay attention to every name.  You might just turn up a link to Camelot!.


[1] Massachusetts, Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988 for John Fields, John Fields and Mary Devlin, 14 April 1850 (ancestry.com : accessed 4 Feb 2018)

Dear Mary,
My Ancestry DNA match just won’t respond!  It is so infuriating.  Why does someone do a DNA test if they don’t want to connect with cousins?  And my match is sooooo good.  I can just tell this will be the link that’s going to solve my family mystery.  Help.
 --- Signed,
Frustrated in DNAland
 
Dear Frustrated in DNAland,
I feel your pain.  But I have at least one potential solution.  Remember the saying, “If it looks like a duck and it quacks like a duck and it waddles like a duck, it’s probably a duck.”  Well, sometimes I find those Ancestry DNA “handles,” the cute user names people use for their Ancestry account look an awful lot like part of an email address.  Try googling that handle and see if you don’t come up with an “@msn.com” to follow.
 
This fictional interchange between Dear Mary and Frustrated in DNAland is exactly how I solved a recent DNA quandary.  I manage a kit on Ancestry for AA.    AA’s father was an out-of-wedlock birth from a known mother and an unknown father. On GEDMatch, AA had a great match of 440 cM with BB, which is right in the ballpark to be a half first cousin.   Given geography and timeframe, it was immediately apparent that AA and BB likely share a grandfather.  When I contacted BB, however, his father was born in a home for unwed mothers in Omaha and adopted as an infant in 1908.  There is no information on BB’s grandparents, other than the strong possibility that they lived not too far from Omaha in 1907-08.
 
On Ancestry I came up with CC, a good, solid match of 168 cM for AA.    But CC had no tree, hadn’t logged into Ancestry since 2015 and wouldn’t respond to my Ancestry message.   When I looked at the CC’s Ancestry handle, however, it really looked like an email, so I  just Googled it.  Bingo.  I found an email address.  I still didn’t get any response, but the email led me to an identity and some locations and with a few more Google searches I had CC’s mom’s obituary, including her parent’s names.  And I was off and running on building the tree that ultimately gave me AA’s grandfather’s name.  Now, I don’t really care whether CC ever responds; I’ve gotten what I needed.
 
Like that duck, if it looks and sounds and waddles like an email address, google it.  You might just find it is an email, and be able to identify the party behind it.

​Slim pickings in the genealogy world these days for some great records.  Many genealogical societies have used Rootsweb to host record sets and indexes to records.  Today I found myself looking for some Sonoma County indexes published by Sonoma County Genealogical Society and I got the dreaded:

Ugh.

But never fear, there’s a workaround!  Try the Wayback Machine on the Internet Archive (https://archive.org/).  When your search leads you to the dreaded Rootsweb-is-currently-unavailable message, just copy and paste that url into the Wayback Machine search box on archive.org.  You’ll find a calendar of dates that url was cached.   Click on one of those dates and you’ll be off and running.

As an example I was looking for the Sonoma County Genealogical Society’s “Index to the 1890 Census Sonoma County, California (Reconstructed).”  This is an index to a book published in 1995.  The index hasn’t changed, so I don’t need a brand spanking new webpage showing it – a webpage cached in 2016 will do me just fine.  And even though Rootsweb was down, I was still able to find just what I needed.  Thank you, Internet Archive!

When Rootsweb’s got you down, try the Internet Archive.  You’ll be happy you did.

Apologies for my own disappearance from my blog these past few months.  Some travel led into some family commitments led into the holidays led into some accounting responsibilities...yada yada yada.  I'll try to be more present..  - Mary

It just can’t be said enough.  Make friends with an archivist.  The archivists I know are a special breed – history geeks with a penchant for organizing things and a yen to ferret out obscure and unseen treasures.  They have so many resources at their disposal, and their job is to share! 
 
I am writing a family sketch on my great-grandparents, Tom and Mary (Ahern) Bradley for my ProGen study course.  The Bradley’s settled in Tiburon, California just as Tom’s employer, the California Northwestern Railroad (later the Northwestern Pacific), moved its terminus there around 1890.  Their children and grandchildren grew up in Tiburon.  The Bradley family had many connections with this small town on San Francisco Bay.
 
I knew the Belvedere-Tiburon Landmark’s Society had some materials in their archive that my father and some of his siblings had donated, so I checked their catalog online and found a few items pertinent to my research, including a couple of oral histories.  I reached out to the archivist, and boy, did I ever get lucky!
 
Dave Gotz emailed some documents and photographs including a transcript of an oral history interview with my great-aunt Miriam “Brownie” Bradley.  He’s put a few more things in the mail to me.  He’s answering questions that continue to pop into my mind, and now that he knows I exist, he’s even sending me cool materials from the Society’s collection – pictures and newspaper clippings that I didn’t even know existed.  But he did.  Because he’s an archivist!
 
The best treasure that arrived yesterday was a link to a video file of an oral history interview with my aunts Mary King and Sr. Bertha Kircher, recorded in October 1994.  Mary died in 1996 and Bertha in 1999 but for half an hour yesterday I had these two dear women visiting with me in my living room telling me stories of Tiburon a century ago.  Seeing them as I so fondly remember them, hearing their voices and unique ways of talking brought back a flood of my own childhood memories.
 
Make friends with an archivist.  They’re waiting with a treasure for you!

Recently I found myself researching some relatives in a tiny village in County Durham, England.   I’ve tracked my family of interest from the 1851 through the 1881 census and then they disappeared, likely taking their final rest in the local Catholic cemetery.  I reached out via email to the parish, asking if the church had any cemetery records from the 1880s and 1890s.  A deacon kindly wrote back that after a period of time has passed, his church sends its old registers for safekeeping to a regional archive. 
 
But it seems the deacon did more than just point me to another repository.  He also passed my email on to the secretary of the parish council, Jim McLean.  And Jim and I are definitely kindred spirits.  In the most delightful week of email exchanges, I’ve told Jim a bit about the family I’m researching and he’s provided countless details of local history and culture.  “239 coal mines in Co. Durham have all disappeared.” “This area used to be called "LITTLE IRELAND" because of the number of people from Ireland who came here for work - usually in the coal mines or shipyards.”
 
Jim walked the cemetery for me looking for Grahams, but the earliest grave he found was from 1924, too late to be the people I seek.  Apparently it is common in his locality for graves to be emptied after many years so that the land can be used again. 
 
He’s helped me with local pronunciations – Leadgate’s initial vowel is a short “e” like the metal – and he even sent me pictures of the church (20 miles away from him) where my great-great grandmother’s sister was married in 1854.  He looked through the archives for those parish records and found one of the two I was looking for.  And just for fun he sent me some pictures of Old Hall in Wessington, the ancestral home of George Washington.
 
I may have been able to repay the favor in kind a bit today, locating a newspaper article about one of his relatives who died in California in 1874.  Jim knew the date, but not the circumstances, and I’m excited for him to read the article and see the death record and 120 page probate file I found!
 
The last week of correspondence with my new-found friend has been delightful.  I look forward to more.  My advice to you?  Ask a question.  You just never know where it might lead.

Did you see it?  My husband and I did and I was overwhelmed by just how wondrous it was.  I remember seeing a partial eclipse as a kid with my shoebox viewer and ever since I have wanted to see the full-meal deal. 

Knowing just how short a drive it would be for me to see it, I’ve had the August 2017 one on my calendar for 18 months, and I even made my husband block it out on his calendar – paper and phone! – so we’d be sure to be able to go.  As the scary hype increased – there will be 75 kajillion people on the roads – no gas, no cell service, no air left to breathe – we wondered if we were doing the right thing.  But I knew if I didn’t at least try, I’d be kicking myself for the rest of my life for having missed it. 

So we outfitted ourselves with supplies for any emergency, (we’ll be eating granola bars for the next 27 years!), we left early, and we made it with plenty of time to spare.  My “It’s a once in a lifetime experience, we’ve gotta do it” argument to my husband immediately turned into “When’s the next one?!” search.  Um...I think we’re looking at a genealogy-cum-solar-viewing trip to Illinois 8 April 2024, honey.

The eclipse got me wondering about my ancestors.  I remember my dad saying his mom reminisced often about seeing Halley’s comet in 1910 when she was in her early 20s.  I had the 1986 one on my radar for 20 years, waiting and waiting for the spectacle, but sorry to say it was kind of a bust.  I’m not sure I’ll be around to see the 2061 comet return– it may take a medical miracle, but who knows. 

But did my ancestors ever get to see a solar eclipse?  Were they as thrilled as I was?  I found a set of maps on the NASA website and looked across several decades from 1800 or so, just to see what I could find.  I think a few of them might have been as lucky as Mark and I were to see this incredible display of nature’s wonder.

I’m not positive, but I think my great-great grandfather, Peter Bradley might have been living in Pennsylvania in time for the 26 April 1827 annular eclipse.  I know his brother was there, attending seminary in Emmitsburg, Maryland at the time.  Nine years later, on 15 May 1836, an eclipse passed over Northern Ireland where my Graham ancestors lived.  They might have been able to see the whole show, and I imagine my other ancestors elsewhere on the Emerald Isle could have seen something pretty close to totality.   1854 saw another one – John and Mary Devlin Fields were in Boston at the time and may have seen the show.  My Fruhauf ancestors in Illinois might have been the luckiest of all – residents in their neighborhood saw eclipses in October 1865 and August 1869.  Wow!
​
One passed over Northern California on New Year’s Day 1889 – my grandma who so enjoyed the comet was barely two months old at the time, but I imagine her parents might have seen it.  As far as I know about where my ancestors were living, that 1889 was likely the last total solar eclipse any of my forebears might have seen.  I guess I got pretty lucky to live in the right place and time to be able to check that experience off my bucket list.
 
How about your ancestors – have you mapped them on the eclipse paths?  Check out the maps at https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/solar.html.  Scroll down about 2/3s of the way to see the link to the maps.  Let me know about your ancestors in the comments below.

I love FamilySearch.  I love FamilySearch more every day.  The records I have been able to find for my family just in the last week have included an 1854 church marriage record from County Durham in England, 1855 and 1857 baptismal records for that couple’s son and daughter, an 1885 Champaign County, Illinois marriage record, a 1931 Pierce County, Washington death certificate and more.  I found all those images, for free, in just minutes, all from the comfort of my living room.  Every day, FamilySearch adds more images to their vast collection of digitized records, which any researcher, anywhere in the world, can access to learn more about their family.

Many of these collections are not searchable by name on FamilySearch, but there are ways to browse the collections of images to find what you want.  For example in addition to the volumes of death certificates for the City of Los Angeles, FamilySearch has also digitized the indexes to those volumes.  Search for a name in the index volume to find the certificate number, and then look in the film of death certificates to find the actual certificate.

But I want to caution you a bit about the indexes.  Sometimes FamilySearch puts the index books in the wrong place.  What do I mean?  Here’s an example.

FamilySearch has a wonderful collection, “California, County Birth and Death Records, 1800-1994.”  (https://familysearch.org/search/collection/2001287).  If you look on the page, you will see search boxes, but when you read the description, you’ll see some limitations – “The name index for death records covers Stockton, Lodi and Manteca cities and San Benito and San Joaquin counties.”  If you want records for other counties, scroll to the bottom of this page to where it says “Browse through 2,915,415 images.”

When you click on that link, you’ll see a list of counties and towns.  Here’s a small portion of that list.

“Los Angeles, Long Beach,” “Los Angeles, Los Angeles,” and “Los Angeles, Pasadena” will link you to records for those three cities, while plain old “Los Angeles” will give you records for the County of Los Angeles.

On FamilySearch when you drill down and click on the “Los Angeles, Los Angeles” link. Over 700 links will appear, starting with links to Birth Certificates, then Death Certificates, then finally, at the bottom of the list are the Death Indexes.

Since these records appear under the title “Los Angeles, Los Angeles, they should be just for the City of Los Angeles.  Should be.   But this is where the researcher needs to beware. 
Here’s just one selection from the titles of the indexes:

Look carefully and you will see some overlap.  “Death index 1928-1929 vol 14, A-L” and the same for “…M-Z.”  But the item immediately below that is “Death index 1928 vol 22, A-Z” and then “Death index 1929 vol 23, A-Z.”  Same years.  Why are they repeated, and why do they have different volume numbers?
​
Here’s what I see when I click on the 1928-1929 volume 14 item:

Image 1 of 308 shows the cover of the book, perhaps the most important image in that set.  Because, although FamilySearch has placed this digitized item in the “Los Angeles, Los Angeles” section of records, it is NOT for the City of Los Angeles, it’s for LA County. 
​
Here is image 5 of the “Death index 1928 vol 22, A-Z”:

You can see it says “Los Angeles City” on the spine of the book.
 
If you find a certificate number in Volume 14, the book for Los Angeles County, and then try to look for it in the City of Los Angeles death records for 1928, it won’t be there.   You’ll find whosoever's LA city death certificate has that number.

Be sure to look at the image of the spine of the book of records you're to see what it covers before you go diving into the index!

And the second issue is that when you look at plain old Los Angeles County, you won’t see an index to the LA county death certificates… because FamilySearch has incorrectly placed the index for the county under the “Los Angeles, Los Angeles” title.
 
I have alerted FamilySearch to this issue and hopefully they will correct it soon.  This is just one instance of digital images being put in an incorrect location on FamilySearch.   I know that there are probably a few more.  If you don’t see what you expect to see, dig a little deeper, look at the images of the book covers, and see if you can figure out where the image you’re looking for might be.    With all the great documents FamilySearch give me, this researcher is OK with having to beware and dig a little deeper once in a while.

Counties across the country use different methods to index their deeds, probates, naturalizations and other records. They are generally based on some alphabetical combination.  It may be as simple as using separate sections of the index book for each surname that begins with a particular letter.  All the grantors whose surnames begin with “A” are listed in order of when they recorded the deed.   Or it might be a more complicated arrangement using two or three letters in the surname, perhaps combined with the first letter of the given name.

FamilySearch continues to digitize more records, making available record images that are not searchable by name and can only be browsed.  But if you know how to use these county level indexes, you should have no trouble locating your ancestor in these valuable records.  

I’ve written before about the Graves Tabular Initial Index and a West Virginia will index.  I’ve been working on a presentation on the ins and outs of indexes for the Lewis County Genealogical Society next month, so I thought I’d write about using another indexing scheme.

Most counties I have run across have a set of Grantor indexes listing people who sold (or otherwise transferred) property, along with a similar set of Grantee indexes for people who purchased property.  But Belmont County, Ohio combines the two into one set of books.  How does that work?
 
To start with, you need to know the surname and first name of the party you are interested in.  You can access the deed indexes for Belmont at https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/247145.  Across the top of each page in the Deed Index for Belmont is a chart.  The first letter of the surnames are listed across the page, and beneath each of these letters are the 26 letters corresponding to the first letter of the given name.  Next to each of these letters is a page number where you will find that Last Name/Given Name combination listed.

Here’s the chart shown at the top of all the left-hand pages in the books:

I should find any transactions for Peter Cilles on page 72.
​
And when I go to page 72, here’s what I see for Peter:

You can see that there are 2 columns with names.  The index only applies to the first column.  Between the two “Name” columns is a narrow strip with either “to” or “F” (for “From”) recorded.  In the first entry, Peter Chilles et al are transferring property TO Jno. M. Korcher.  In the third entry, P. R. Cook et al are acquiring property FROM Mary Smith et al.  Looking to the right we can see the volumes and pages where we can find the actual deeds (and get some idea who theses “et al” others actually are.)  The index also gives a very brief description of the property, showing the number of acres, the Section, Township and Range where the property is located and what the transfer price was.
​
In this case Peter Cilles is my person of interest, and I now have all the information I need to find his deed.   If Jno Korcher was my guy, the letter table above would point me to find the corresponding entry in the same book on page 225.

​The transaction with Peter Cilles is the third one down, but you can see that John Korcher acquired a number of pieces of property in Section 25 around that same time.
 
This kind of index is an efficient way to search.  You can find all the transactions for your ancestor for a given time span, both buying and selling, all in the same book.  Happy hunting!

Boy, wouldn’t you like to be able to find your great-grandparents marriage record?  But you feel like you have no idea where to start.  Just take it one step at a time, and wring every clue out of every document, even those clues that are hidden.
 
I’m searching for the marriage record of Joseph Lawson and his wife, Katherine Fay.  They married in 1894, according to a history book about the maritime history of the Great Lakes.[1]  Though the 1890 US Federal census was destroyed, I’m fortunate that New York State took a census in 1892 and I’ve found likely candidates for both Joseph and Katherine in Buffalo.

But the big problem with that 1892 census is there are no addresses on it.   If I knew what her address was in 1892, I’d have some idea where she likely went to church, which might give me a clue where she was married so I can get the parish register.  But with no address on the census, and the young lady I’m looking at a servant girl who isn’t listed in a city directory, I’m kind of stuck. 
​
Katie is listed Fourth Election District of the Sixth Ward.  I could probably do some research to figure out what that is, but it may be a big area, and I still won’t know her address.   But I can dig a little into Katie’s household. 

​The 1892 census in Buffalo doesn’t separate the households in any way.  Katie is the third name down, then I see a different surname, and then a bunch of people named Dechert, which looks like a new household to me.  So I just need to scroll up Katie’s household in the previous column to see if I can find someone who looks like the head of Katie’s household.

The household has clerks and laborers, a hostler and some others, but as I scroll up, I see Francis McSherry a hotel keeper.  This looks like his household and the dozen or so names beneath his are boarders in his establishment.  

And I know a man with a hotel is likely to be listed in a city directory.  ​

393 Ellicott.  I have an address for Francis, which give me an address for Katie.  And using that same city directory I can see Joseph Lawson lived at 420 Fargo in Buffalo.
​
With that address it ought to be pretty easy to map the Catholic churches around their two addresses, and start looking for their marriage record.
 
Wring every clue out of your documents, even those hidden clues.


[1] Profile of Joseph Lawson from History of the Great Lakes,( http://www.maritimehistoryofthegreatlakes.ca/GreatLakes/Documents/HGL2/default.asp?ID=s683 – accessed 25 July 2017)